![]() Sometimes it is advantageous to make a distinction between the actual and the isentropic stagnation states. There are both actual and the isentropic stagnation states for a typical gas or vapor. ![]() The isentropic stagnation state is the state a flowing fluid would attain if it underwent a reversible adiabatic deceleration to zero velocity. In fluid dynamics, a stagnation point is a point in a flow field where the local velocity of the fluid is zero. The isentropic relations are no longer valid and the flow is governed by the oblique or normal shock relations.Įnthalpy-Entropy diagram of stagnation state If a supersonic flow is turned abruptly and the flow area decreases, the flow is irreversible due to the generation of shock waves. Since there is an increase in area, therefore we call this an isentropic expansion. A supersonic flow that is turned while there is an increase in flow area is also isentropic. The generation of sound waves is an isentropic process. When the change in flow variables is small and gradual, isentropic flows occur. Isentropic is the combination of the Greek word "iso" (which means - same) and entropy. Engineers classify this type of flow as an isentropic flow of fluids. According to the Second Law of Thermodynamics, whenever there is a reversible and adiabatic flow, constant value of entropy is maintained. So, such a process is a reversible process. ![]() area increases), the flow conditions are restored (i.e. area decreases) and then gradually expanded (i.e. While considering flow through a tube, if the flow is very gradually compressed (i.e. The density of the gas becomes position dependent. However, as the speed of the flow approaches the speed of sound, compressibility effects on the gas are to be considered. If the speed of the gas is much less than the speed of sound, the gas density will remain constant and the velocity of the flow will increase. Whenever a gas is forced through a tube, the gaseous molecules are deflected by the tube's walls.
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